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L-tryptophan (Trp) contributes to regulating bilateral communication of the gut–brain axis. It undergoes three major metabolic pathways, which lead to formation of kynurenine, serotonin (5-HT), and indole derivatives (under the control of the microbiota). Metabolites from the principal Trp pathway, ...

Modern neurological approaches enable detailed studies on the pathophysiology and treatment of depression. An imbalance in the microbiota–gut–brain axis contributes to the pathogenesis of depression. This extensive review aimed to elucidate the antidepressive effects of brain-derived neurotrophic fa ...

The growing demand for sustainable bioprocessing has positioned whey, a side stream of the dairy industry, as a valuable substrate for producing high-value compounds. This study investigated the production and purification of nisin, a potent lantibiotic, using permeate (10 kDa cut-off ) of ultrafilt ...